Automatic fire-extinguisher



(No Model.)

0. E. B'UELLK AUTOMATIG FIRE EXTINGUISHER.

No. 278,654. Patented May 29,1883.

Ham 71529125" PETERS Fhulo-Lillwgnphan Wauhingmm D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OF ICE,

oHARLEsE. BUELL, on new HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

- A AUTOMATIC FlRE-EXTiNGUlSHER.

"SPECIFICATION forming art of 'Letters Patent No. 278,654, dated May 29, 1883. f

Application filed May 5, 1883. (No model.) i

To all whom it may co'ncemr Be it known that I, CHARLES E. BUELL,ot'

the .city and county of New Haven, State of or discharge-opening that is held normally closed by devices adapted to burst by the action of heat upon a confined expansible body, and allow said nozzle or discharge-opening to become open, substantially as hereinafter described.

My invention further .consists in certain combinations and sub-combinations, that will be hereinafter described.

Figures 1 and 4 show sprinklers made in accordance with my invention. Figs. 2, 3, and show parts of the same. I

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, A is a nozzle having a support, B, attached thereto. A dish-like plate, f, sets into the discharge opening of the nozzle A, and is adapted to close the opening water-tight when pressed down, and is preferably a lead-faced plate.

Ois a glass tube containing muriatio acid, in which is immersed zinc coated with paraftine. The tube is sealed or closely stoppered.

The tube 0 bears against the dish-like plate f, and is pressed thereon by the screw 9, which runs in threads in the support B. A plate, It,

may be employed to receive the pressure of the screw 9 and equalize the pressure on the tube 0.

Fig. 2 shows the screw 9, plate f, plate It,

tube or vial (l, stopper d, and capsule e,-ot'

zinc coatedwith paratfine.

Fig. 3 shows the support B incross-section as a spreader for deflecting the water that is discharged from the opened nozzle A.

When strips of zinc, or powdered zinc, or chlorate of potash and sugarare coated with parafiine and immersed in muriatic acid in a Various metals, salts of metals, and con pounds may be used coated with a film ofparafiine', or held separated from a decomposing agent by a protecting-partition that is removable by heat in a similar manner to that above described. The salts chlorate of potash may be used immersed in sulphuric acid without a coatingot' paraffineorlikeprotectioinand when an increase of temperature occurs the chlorate of potash is suddenly decomposed, and a containing-tube may be burst by the expansion thus broughtabout. Mercury, volatile liquids,

and gases under pressure or in a liquid vehicle may be employed in easily-fractured tubes, bulbs, or vials closely sealed or stoppered. It is preferable to use liquids or solids or liquids and solids which decompose and create sudden pressure when acted on by heat, or when united by the action of heat upon a separating substance or compound, and that will not freezeat ordinary temperatures.

Fig. 4 is a modification in which a springsupport, S S, clasps a sealed tube, 0, beneath the water-pipe. The tube 0 is an easily-fractured tube containing a confined expansible body which will, when acted on by heat, burst the tube and release the springs, which fly apart and fall away from the nozzle A, which becomes open. I

Fig. 5 shows the nozzle A in cross-section,

a screw for adjustment, or a tube be pressed down over a nozzle or opening and secured.

I reserve the right to claim in another apconstructed so as to deliver water from two plication any improvement described and shownin this application andnot now claimed.

What I claim i's-- I 1. A nozzle or discharge-opening heldclosed by devices adapted to burst by the action of heat upon a confinedexpansible body and allow said nozzle to open, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. I 2. The combination, with a nozzle or dis charge-opening held normally closed by a device adapted to burst by the action of heat, of means for spreading, deflecting, and dividing the water, from said opened nozzle or opening, substantially as described.

3. Anozzleadaptedtodischargeintersecting streams held normally closed by a device that will burst by the action of heat.

4. A nozzle held closed by a device adapted to burst by the action of heat, combined with means for adjusting said closing device against a water-pressure.

5. A nozzle or discharge-opening held normally closed by a tube or bulb containing a decomposable substance an'd a decomposing :5 agent held separated by a film of paraffine adapted to become removed by the action of heat and allow the decomposable body and decomposing agent to unite, whereby. said containing-tubewillbebur-standthenozzleopened, 20 substantially as described.

CHARLES BUELL.

Witnesses:

A. G. BUELL, J. W. BUELL. 

